Where it is known that neo-liberal policies lead to a clear attack on the interests of large segments of the population, especially the poorest and marginalized in the marginalized countries of the global system, the question arises whether this deterioration affects negatively or positively on the energies of these groups in the resistance and defend Its main interests. As growing populations in the Arab region are experiencing increasing social, economic, political and cultural pressures, while the social context does not reflect the effective role of these groups in addressing their own protection, this raises the importance of studying social movements in Arab societies. The first thing to draw attention to is the question of the characteristics that social movements may acquire in the context of social composition developed through a specific course in the Arab region. This focus calls on the emergence of social movements, their way of expressing themselves, the dynamics they seek to interact with their surroundings and their movements, their overall implications for change, their future effectiveness and interactions, and the extent to which the different external factors affect the world. To our goal of studying social movements in the Arab world, the research was divided into three parts as well as the introduction and the conclusion. The first part concerns the emergence of social movements in the context of the social composition of Arab societies. In the second part, we focused on the socio-economic and political background surrounding social movements now. We considered that the third part is the main part of the research, and we reviewed the most important social movements seeking to act in the Arab region. The conclusion is a summary that discusses the energies and challenges of social movements in resisting neo-liberal policies

Social movements, Arab societies, the hammer of reality, anvil of the future.

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