Al saaeeab is a great poet who has a prominent place in the history of Arabic literature. His impact is still influential even in the present time. So, this thesis deals with part of his poetry, which pessimism. The thesis comprises five chapters. The Preface sheds some light on the concept of pessimism, defining it linguistically and literarily. Besides, it also explores the causes of pessimism for the poet. The introduction is the theoretical base that the thesis is built on, and through which, the symbols of pessimism are illustrated. The first chapter deals with the pessimism of the poet in people, relatives, strangers, kings and queens. Examples are given to show this. The second chapter delineates the roots of the poet’s pessimism in the causes of death, like, fate, disease, hoariness and old age. The third chapter tackles the symbols of pessimism, which usually are spiritual symbols, like fate, betrayal, and death, life, night and day. The fourth chapter illustrates the poet’s pessimism in materialistic symbols like a decayed tree, colours, the cry of the child at the moment of his birth, winds, rain, and sounds which he believes to be portent and sinister. The fifth chapter focuses on the artistic study of the poet’s verses in order to complete the image properly. It, thus, studies repetition, language, style, meters and rhymes. The study ends with the conclusion which sums up the most important findings of the study. This is followed by the bibliography

Poverty, pessimism, despair, disease, Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, rain.

[1] Ibrahim Khalil, Modern Arabic Poetry, Dar Al-Messila for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan, 2003, pp. 734.

[2] Khalil Kamal al-Din, Modern Arabic Poetry and the Spirit of the Age, Dar al-Ilm al-Malayin, Beirut, 1964, pp. 298.

[3] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp. 447.

[4] Abdul Rahman Abdullah Ali, The Philosophy of Birth and Death in the Poetry of Al-Sayyab, Cultural Foundation, Abu Dhabi, 2003, pp. 291.

[5] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp 324.

[6] Ibrahim Khalil, Modern Arabic Poetry, pp. 352-353.

[7] Mahmoud Darwish, this is a song. is a song, Dar al-Awda, Beirut, 1993, pp. 23.

[8] Said Al-Warqi, In the Language of Modern Arabic Poetry, Its Artistic Components and Creative Energies, University Knowledge House, Alexandria, Egypt, 2003, pp. 273.

[9] Othman Hachlaf, Heritage and Renewal in Al-Sayyab's Poetry: An Analytical Study of Its Resources, Images, Music, and Language, Diwan of University Presses, Algeria, pp. 139.

[10] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp 448.

[11] Othman Hashlaf, Heritage and Renewal in the Poetry of Al-Sayyab, pp. 147.

[12] Othman Hashlaf, Heritage and Renewal in the Poetry of Al-Sayyab, pp. 156.

[13] Khalil Kamal al-Din, Modern Arabic Poetry and the Spirit of the Age, pp. 298.

[14] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp 487-488.

[15] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp 487-488.

[16] Ali Jaafar Al-Alaq, in his modernity of the poetic text, a critical study, Dar Al-Shorouk, for Publishing and Distribution, 2003, pp. 52.

[17] His book "Song of Rain", in his complete collection, vol. I, p. 474, Dar al-Awda, Beirut, 199.

[18] Ibrahim Khalil, Modern Arabic Poetry, pp. 325.

[19] Othman Hashlaf, Heritage and Renewal in the Poetry of Al-Sayyab, pp. 147.

[20] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp 234.

[21] Moel Moreh, The Impact of Western Intellectual and Poetic Currents on Modern Arabic Poetry, translated by Shafi' al-Sayyid and Saad Maslouh, reviewed by Lubna Safadi, Everything Library, Haifa, 2004, pp. 394.

[22] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 2, 1974, pp. 672.

[23] Othman Hashlaf, Heritage and Renewal in the Poetry of Al-Sayyab, pp. 168.

[24] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Abdul Hussein Shaaban, Beirut, 1999, pp. 65.

[25] Salma Al-Khadra Al-Jayyousi, Trends and Movements in Modern Arabic Poetry, translated by Abdul Wahed Lulu, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 2001, p. 47.
[26] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp 876.

[27] Trends of Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Dr. Ihsan Abbas, pp. 94.

[28] The Collector in the History of Arabic Literature, Hanna Al-Fakhouri, Volume Two, Dar Al-Jeel, Beirut, 1st Edition, 1986, pp. 636-637.

[29] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp 675.

[30] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab, Diwana, Dar Al-Awda, Beirut, vol. 1, 1971, pp:879.

[31] Abdelhamid Habera, New Trends in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Nofal Foundation, Beirut, Lebanon, 1980, pp. 352.

[32] The Collector in the History of Arabic Literature, Hanna Al-Fakhouri, Volume II, pp. 638.

[33] The Collector in the History of Arabic Literature, Hanna Al-Fakhouri, Volume II, pp. 640.

[34] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab: A Study in His Life and Poetry, Dr. Ihsan Abbas, pp. 248.

[35] The Collector in the History of Arabic Literature, Hanna Al-Fakhouri, Volume II, pp. 638-640.

[36] The Collector in the History of Arabic Literature, Hanna Al-Fakhouri, Volume II, pp.: 980.

[37] The Collector in the History of Arabic Literature, Hanna Al-Fakhouri, Volume II, pp. 640.

[38] The sieve of memory: Bader Shaker Al-Sayyab, Faisal Al-Yasiri, archived August 11, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.

[39] Trends in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Dr. Ihsan Abbas, pp. 15.

[40] Bader Shaker Al-Sayyab at MusicBrainz (English).

[41] Ali Jaafar Al-Alaq, in his Modernity of the Poetic Text, Dar Al-Shorouk, for Publishing and Distribution, 2003, pp. 156.

[42] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab: A Study in His Life and Poetry, Dr. Ihsan Abbas, pp. 248.

[43] Ibrahim Khalil, Modern Arabic Poetry, Dar Al-Messila for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan, 2003.

[44] Trends in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Dr. Ihsan Abbas, The World of Knowledge, Beirut, 1978.

[45] The Collector in the History of Arabic Literature, Hanna Al-Fakhouri, Volume Two, Dar Al-Jeel, Beirut, 1st Edition, 1986.

[46] Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab: A Study in His Life and Poetry, Ihsan Abbas, Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing, Sixth Edition, 1992.

[47] Bader Shaker Al-Sayyab on the Open Library website (English).

[48] Khalil Kamal al-Din, Modern Arabic Poetry and the Spirit of the Age, Dar al-Ilm al-Malayin, Beirut, 1964.

[49] His book "The Song of Rain", in his complete collection, vol. I, p. 474. Dar al-Awda, Beirut, 1999.

[50] Ali Jaafar Al-Alaq, in his modernity of the poetic text, a critical study, Dar Al-Shorouk for Publishing and Distribution, 2003.

[51] Othman Hachlaf, Heritage and Renewal in Al-Sayyab's Poetry: An Analytical Study of its Resources, Images, Music, and Language, Diwan of University Presses, Algeria

[52] Abdel Hamid Habera, New Trends in Contemporary Arabic Poetry, Nofal Foundation, Beirut, Lebanon, 1980.

[53] Abdul Rahman Abdullah Ali, The Philosophy of Birth and Death in the Poetry of Al-Sayyab, Cultural Foundation, Abu Dhabi, 2003.

[54] Faisal Al-Yasiri, The Memory Sieve: Bader Shaker Al-Sayyab, archived August 11, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.

[55] A letter from Badr dated 25-3-1954. A documentary on Al-Sharqiya channel published on YouTube.

[56] Salma Al-Khadra Al-Jayyousi, Trends and Movements in Modern Arabic Poetry, translated by Abdul Wahed Lulu, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 2001.

[57] Said Al-Warqi, In the Language of Modern Arabic Poetry, Its Artistic Components and Creative Energies, University Knowledge House, Alexandria, Egypt, 2003.

[58] Mahmoud Darwish, this is a song. is a song, Dar al-Awda, Beirut, 1993.

[59] Moel Moreh, The Impact of Western Intellectual and Poetic Currents on Modern Arabic Poetry, translated by Shafi' al-Sayyid and Saad Maslouh, reviewed by Lubna Safadi, Everything Library, Haifa, 2004.